Thursday, August 17, 2017
Ubuntu root密� �� �� or 切换用户
Ubuntu root密� �� �� or 切换用户
Ubuntu 8.10
?????????root????????????????? ?????
$ sudo passwd root
??????root?????------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ubuntu????
root ?????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? GID ???????????????
????????????
/etc/passwd ??? ??? UID ??GID ?? $HOME?? ??Shell/etc/shadow ??? ????? ?????? ????/etc/group ??? ??? GID ????/etc/gshadow ????????????/etc/sudoers ??? ???? ??[/pre]???? pwconv ?????????? /etc/passwd ????????? /etc/shadow ??
su [???]
?????????????root??????????????? -f ???????????-l ????-m ?-p ???????-c ?????????????
sudo [??]
????????????????root????????????????? -s ???root shell-i ???root shell?????-u ???????-l ???????
passwd [???]
??????
-d ????-l ????-e ????????????????-S ????????-x ???????????-n ???????????-s ????Shell-f ??????
???
$passwdChanging password for user(current) UNIX password: ???Enter new UNIX password: ???Retype new UNIX password: ?????[/pre
chsh [-s
????Shell
?? USB
?/proc/bus/usb?????USB????????????? USB ??????????? /proc/bus/usb?
# mount -t usbfs none /proc/bus/usb
???????????? USB ???????????????? /etc/fstab ?? /proc ?????? none /proc/bus/usb usbdevfs defaults 0 0
??usb??
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/usb/ -t vfat -o iocharset=gb2312 #??gb2312
????***********************
Ubuntu?????????? /etc/network/interfaces????????dhcp??????
# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
??????
1)?? /etc/network/interfaces =?vim /etc/network/interfaces
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.183
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
2)?? /etc/resolv.conf???dns
nameserver 110.120.119.114
nameserver 110.120.119.114
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
?????
????Grub
$ grub
$ find /boot/grub/stage1
(hd0,*)
$ root (hd0,*)
$ setup (hd0,*)
$ quit
$ sudo dd if=/dev/sda(*+1) of=ubuntu.lnx bs=512 count=1
?ubuntu.lnx?????Windows????????C:???boot.ini???C:ubuntu.lnx="Ubuntu 7.10"?
???????????
??�>????�>???�>????�>??��>??�>tw.archive.ubuntu.com�>?????�>??�>????
??�>????�>?????Language Support?�>?????�>Chinese�>??�>?? $ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
????nVidia????
??NVIDIA-Linux-x86-100.14.19-pkg1.run?????????ctrl+alt+F1~F6????
$ sudo /etc/init.d/gdm stop
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential #????libc6-dev
$ sudo sh NVIDIA-Linux-x86-100.14.19-pkg1.run
$ sudo /etc/init.d/gdm start
??????
??????????/home/(user_name)/fonts?
$ cd /usr/share/fonts/
$ ln -s /home/(user_name)/fonts myfonts/
#?? $ mkdir myfonts
# $ cp /home/(user_name)/fonts/* myfonts/
$ cd myfonts/
$ sudo mkfontscale
$ sudo mkfontdir
$ fc-cache
??�>???�>??�>?????????
?????SCIM
$ sudo im-switch -s scim -z default
$ sudo apt-get install scim-qtimm
$ sudo apt-get install scim scim-pinyin scim-tables-zh im-switch scim-qtimm scim-bridge scim-bridge-client-gtk scim-bridge-client-qt scim-bridge-agent
$ gksu gedit /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/scim
???? GTK_IM_MODULE=scim ??? GTK_IM_MODULE="scim-bridge"?
????scim????????????scim???>?????>?????????????? ??????scim??->gtk->????????????
??NTFS??????
UBUNTU7.10?????NTFS?????????????NTFS??????????????????????????
$ sudo apt-get -y �force-yes install ntfs-3g
$ sudo apt-get -y �force-yes install ntfs-config
$ [ -x /usr/bin/ntfs-3g ] && sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/ntfs-3g /sbin/mount.ntfs
$ gksudo ntfs-config &
$ set +v
??????????
$ sudo apt-get install mplayer mozilla-mplayer totem-xine libxine1-ffmpeg
??w32codecs_20061022-0.1_i386.deb????
mplayer??(?????)???mplayer,???>Preferences?>Video?Available drivers??xv?????Font?? Font??????????Encoding????Simplified Chinese charset (CP936)? $
????????flashplayer?java????????
???????????????????? Totem ?????????????????????????? Mplayer ??????? audacious?
???????????????audacious Ubuntu????????????????? ogg*, flac*, mp3, wma, wav, 3gp ??????? mplayer ? totem (?? xvid/divx ??? avi ????, rm/rmvb/asf/wmv ????????? vcd/dvd??? mpeg2/mpeg4 ???)
????????????????
$ sudo apt-get install mplayer mozilla-mplayer totem-xine libxine1-ffmpeg audacious ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly gstreamer0.10-pitfdll gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-* lame faad sox mjpegtools gstreamer0.10-* totem-xine ffmpeg lame faad sox mjpegtools sidplay-base xsidplay libggi-target-x libggi-target-emu libggi-target-monotext toolame mpeg2dec avifile-divx-plugin avifile-xvid-plugin mencoder drip libavifile-0.7c2 mpg123-el flac123 mpc mpd gmpc sonata gxine totem-xine kaffeine flac beep-media-player-* xine-ui bmpx gstreamer0.8* vlc
win32codes???http: //archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu-cn/dists/edgy/main/binary-i386/media/w32codecs_20060611 -1plf6.10_i386.deb?ftp://211.86.156.210/debian- multimedia/pool/main/w/w32codecs/w32codecs_20061022-0.0_i386.deb
????RAR??/?????
$ sudo apt-get install rar
??????
$ sudo ln -fs /usr/bin/rar /usr/bin/unrar
?????????????unrar???????????????????????????????rar???
??Firefox??
1. DownThemAll
2. Super DragAndGo
3. Fasterfox
4. MediaWarp https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/1879
5. FlashGot?https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/220
6. ??????????firefox?????????about:config ???????????: network.dns.disableIPv6 -> true
network.http.pipelining -> true
network.http.pipelining.maxrequests -> 8(8?24????????? network.http.proxy.pipelining -> true
?????3D???
Compiz Fusion?Emerald?Avant Window Navigato?Screenlets
1. ??????
??????Ubuntu?????????????????�>????�>?????????????????
????compiz???????????????????????
$ sudo nvidia-xconfig �add-argb-glx-visuals #???????????
$ sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
?"Module"?????? SubSection "extmod"
Option "omit xfree86-dga"
EndSubSection
?"Device"?????
Option "AddARGBVisuals" "True"
Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
Option "DisableGLXRootClipping" "True"
Option "AllowGLXWithComposite" "True"
Option "RenderAccel" "True"
???????????
Section "Extensions"
Option "Composite" "Enable"
EndSection
2. ???????????2??7.04?????????????7.10???????????????
3. ????Compiz?Compiz Fusion
$ sudo apt-get install compiz compiz-gnome
$ sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
$ sudo apt-get install compiz-fusion-*
4. ??Compiz Fusion??????Alt+F2???compiz �replace?????
5. ?????�>???�>CompizConfig Settings Manager???????????????
?????? ????ctrl+Alt+????(Button 1)????Beryl??????
???? ????????Effect????"????????".????Shift+Win(Super)+B1??????????Shift+Win+C?
????? ????????Windows Management????Shift-Switcher?Win+Tab(?Vista???)?
????? Win+?????
????? ????????Extra?????.????Win+F3?
6. Compiz Fusion???????????
$ sudo apt-get install git git-core compiz-dev
$ git-clone git://anongit.opencompositing.org/users/crdlb/fusion-icon
$ cd fusion-icon/
$ make
$ sudo make install
???????????????????compiz fusion icon????????????????????????�>???�>?????????????fusion-icon?????
7.
??
1???PDF?????????
$ sudo apt-get install xpdf-chinese-simplified xpdf-chinese-traditional
2???JAVA???JDK
$ sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jre
$ sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jdk
???????java???
$ sudo update-alternatives �config java
?????"sun"????????
??????JAVA Plugin(??)
$ sudo apt-get install sun-java6-plugin
3???????
????? gcc,g++,make ??
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential
4???????????????????????
$ sudo apt-get install nautilus-open-terminal
????????????????
5. ??????root???????
$ sudo apt-get install nautilus-gksu
????????????????????????
6. ????????Ctrl+ H
7???root???????? $ sudo passwd root ??????root?????
http://hi.baidu.com/xingxing_whu/blog/item/b3b9b2df7d848e1b49540334.html
download file now
